キャバレー

1926 is a useful Japanese checkpoint for キャバレー: Shogakukan's Seisenban Nihon Kokugo Daijiten cites Jun'ichiro Tanizaki's Tomoda to Matsunaga no Hanashi with キャバレ. The source form is French cabaret, a word for an inn or tavern, and Nipponica connects the performance type with Montmartre in Paris. Le Chat Noir opened there in 1881, and Moulin Rouge followed in 1889 as a dance hall with stage entertainment. During the Taisho and early Showa years, Japanese urban entertainment used カフェー, バー, ダンスホール, レビュー, and ミュージックホール. キャバレー became part of that vocabulary as a word for a drinking place with a hall or stage. After 1945, occupation-era nightlife and city licensing used キャバレー for a Japanese business type with hostesses, bands, dancing, and table service, not only satirical songs or small stage acts. Today キャバレー usually refers to an older nightlife format, and キャバクラ is a later contraction of キャバレークラブ. In French and English, cabaret can mean the show itself; in Japanese, the shop type is often the main sense. A sentence such as 昔の銀座には大きなキャバレーがあった means a venue, not simply a program.